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About 250 individuals were expected for The International Patent Congress, about 150 appear on the participants list.
[André] Heinrich Friederich Wilhelm André (born 2 September 1827 - died 12 june 1903) studied law in Heidelberg and Göttingen. He started his professional career as an attorney-at-law at the High court (Obergerichtsanwalt) in Osnabrück. At the same time he started a political career and became a salaried town council in Osnabrück. He was also very active in publishing juridical essays in private, civil and patent law. In 1874 he was elected as the president of the newly created Association for Patent protection (Patentschutzverein) and was one the strongest promoters for the Imperial patent law. In 1874 he was elected as as lord major of Chemnitz. Biographie in German In this function he introduced a tram, initially pulled by horses, later powered by electricity from a town owned power station, he installed an abattoir and a water work for public water supply. He also stimulated the chemical industry in Chemnitz so that at some point, during his time as the Lord Major, Chemnitz had per capity six times more patents than in the rest of Germany.
[Bauer] Alexander Emil Anton Bauer (born 16 February 1836 in Altenburg (Magyar Ovár, Komitat Wieselburg) - died 12 April 1921 in Vienna) Biography of Kurt Haidinger[BLAKE] William Phipps Blake (born 1 June 1826 in New York City – died 22 May 1910) was an American geologist, mining consultant, and educator.findagrave. In 1864 he he was appointed professor of mineralogy in the College of California, which later became the University of BerklEy, and geologist to the State board of agriculture.
[Engerth] Wilhelm Freiherr von Engerth (born 26 May 1814 in Pleß/Prussian Slesia - died 4 September 1884 in Baden close to Vienna) started as a civil engineer and then was dedicated to mechanical engineering. In 1843 he became Professor for Machine Design at the Joaneum in Graz, today Technical University of Graz. He designed locomotives and tracks for the Austrian mountains and also enganged in the regulation of the Danube. For the World Exhibition he was in charge of the hall buildings. [OeBL]
[GROTHE] Hermann Grothe (born 30 March 1839 in Salzwedel - died 16 March 1885 in Berlin). He was a civil engineer, specialized for factory buildings, but as a lecturer for mechanical technolgies at the Royal Prussian Trade Academy, a predecessor fo the Berlin-Charlottenburg Technical Academy, he also wrote books about fibrous textiel materials and the textile industry. He also was an editor for the Polytechnical Journal (Allgemeine Deutsche Polytechnische Zeitung.) which reported from the World Exhibition in Vienna ("Technische Mittheilungen von der Weltausstellung in Wien 1873") (see: Internet Archive) Right after the Imperial patent law came into force he published a commentary book on this law.
[Brachelli] Hugo Franz Ritter von Brachelli (born 11 February 1834 in Brünn - died 3 October 1892 in Vienna) studied Law and governance and public policy at the University of Vienna. In 1857 he became awarded a PHD from the University of Jena. In 1860 he became a professor for Statistik and for Austrian-Hungarian Contistutional and Administrative Law at the Technical University.OeBL
[Hartig] Karl Ernst Hartig (born 20 January 1836 Stein/Saxonia - died 23 April 1900 in Dresden) after having attended four years to the Higher Technical School (Gewerbeschule) in Chemnitz he studied mechanical engineering at the Polytechnical School in Dresden. He acquired his PHD in 1863 at the university of Dreseden. 1865 he became Professor for Mechanical Technologies at the University of Dresden. In 1877 he also became a member of the Imperial Patent Office. [StadtWiki Dresden]
[Jannasch] Robert Jannasch, (born. 30. April 1845 in Köthen - died 1919) studied Economy in Leipzig, Heidelberg and Berlin. To complement his studies visited Italy, France and England. In 1869 he was habilitated at the University of Basel and became in 1871 Professor at the Academy of Proskau (today Poland). 1874 he became Director of the Statistical office of the city of Dresden and 1877 he became a member of the Imperial Prussian Statistical Office in Berlin. Jannasch abandoned this position in order to focus on the trade and colonial aspirations of the "Centralverein für Handelsgeographie und Förderung deutscher Interessen im Ausland" (Society for geographical trade and promotion of Germany's interests abroad), in which he was the president since 1878. He wrote several books about trade and colonial trade, but also a book about »Der Musterschutz und die Gewerbepolitik des Deutschen Reiches« (Berl. 1873) (The protection of design and the trade policy of the German Empire)and »Der Markenschutz« "The protection of desings" (Berlin 1873).(Biography) In 1915 he wrote a booklet "This is why the Germans are unpopular abroad" [PDF in German]
[Jenny]Karl Jenny (* 11. Jänner 1819 in Wien; † 9. Oktober 1893 ebenda)geschichtewiki
[Joy] Charles Arad Joy, (born 8 October 1823 in ludlowville, New York - died 29 May 1891 in Stockbridge, Massachusetts), graduated from Havard Law School in 1847. Meanwhile he had acquired a fondness for science. He consequently went to Europe to study chemistry at Berlin, at Göttingen and at the Sorbonne. After his return to the US he was called to the chair of chemistry in Union College and was elected to a similar professorship at Columbia University in 1857 . Among the many interesting experiences of his life none perhaps gave him more delight than his connections with the various World's Fairs. He served on juries of those held in London, Paris, Vienna, and Philadelphia. Due to a severe sun stroke he had received at the World's fair in Philidelphia he was compelled to retire in 1876. [WikiSource]
[Kaupe]Friedrich Heinrich Kaupe (born probably in 1830 - died 4 March 1910 in St. Petersburg), Engineer at Kaupe & Čekalov in St. Peterburg, German national [Erik-Amburger-Datenbank]
[Klostermann] Eduard Rudolf Hermann Klostermann (born 17 November 1828 in Wengern - died 10 March 1886 in Bonn) studied law in Halle(Saale), Bonn and Berlin. He specialized in mining law and eventually was invited in 1866 to join the Higher Mining Office (Oberbergamt) in Bonn. As mining a the time was "high tech" he was confronted with patent law. (WikiSource"). The Society of German Engineers had invited experts to write essays about patent law. Klostermann's essay "Zur Reform der Patentgesetzgebung" [Google Books] (On the reform of patent legislation) won the first price. When the Imperial Patent Law was introduced Klostermann also published a book with his comments [Google Books].
[Langen] Carl Eugen Langen, (born Oct. 9, 1833, Cologne — died Oct. 2, 1895, Elsdorf), was a German mechanical engineer who primarily was in the business of sugar production. Working in his father's sugar factory, he had the necessary financial background to team up with Nicolaus August Otto, who was very keen to improve the coal-gas engine, an invention of the Belgium Entienne Lenoir. Otto run out of funds and Langen purged his debts. Langen and Otto created 1864 in Deutz, a district of Cologne, the first engine factory which later became the "Gasmotorenfabrik Deutz AG" and is today Deutz AG "Striking heads". Their “silent engine”, using the principle of the four stroke engine was patented 1877
In 1870 Eugen Langen founded with Valentin Pfeifer in Elsdorf, 30 km west of Cologne, the company "Pfeiffer & Langen" and continuously improved the process of sugar production "from the beetroot to the sugar cube". The sugar cube was not his only invention. He also enganged in the production of railway coaches and was commissioned to build the Wuppertaler Schwebebahn, a suspension railway, which is still running today as a public transport system. Gaining politcal influence he promoted an Imperial patent law in Germany and therefore was known in his home town under the nickname "Patent-Langen"
[Pieper] "Carl Pieper was a cicil engineer and a strong supporter for a patent law in Germany. He teamed up with Werner von Siemens and was a member of the "Verein Deutscher Ingenieure" (Association of German Engineers). As a private inventor he was interested in having a strong patent to exclude third parties from using an invention. Werner von Siemens, as an industrial leader, however feared the risk, that an industry may be blocked by a patent from another party and therefore was in favour that every patent could be used in exchange for the payment of a reasonable license fee. As Werner von Siemens submitted his proposal to the German government behind the back of Carl Pieper, Carl Pieper was outraged and left the association.
[Reuleaux] Franz Reuleaux (born 30 September 1829 in Eschweiler, Germany - died 20 August 1905 in Berlin, Germany) was the fourth son of Johann Josef Reuleaux, one of the first steam engine manufacturers in the Rhineland and himself the son of a master engineer (Kunstmeister ) from Liège. As a fifteen year old boy his stepfather, chief engineer of an ironworks, apprenticed the boy to a Koblenz iron foundry and machine shop, while himself instructing him in theoretical subjects. At the age of 20 Reuleaux studied at the Karisruhe Polytechnische Schule engineering and extended his studies at the universities of Berlin and Bonn. Reuleaux spent the years 1854 and 1855 in Cologne, first as the manager of a factory and then as an independent consulting engineer. In 1856 Reuleaux was named professor of machine design at the newly founded Swiss Federal Polytechnical Institute. After eight years in Zurich, he became professor of mechanical engineering at the Gewerbe Institut in Rerun in 1864; and after reorganization the Gewerbeinstitut was merged in 1879 into the Technische Hochschule at Charlottenburg (Polytechnicum).
Reuleaux took a lively interest in innovation and was a member of the juries of the expositions at Paris (1867), Vienna (1873), and Philadelphia (1876); and he also served as the German commissioner at Philadelphia, Sydney (1879), and Melbourne (1881).encyclopedia
[Schwarz] Karl Leonhard Heinrich Schwarz (born 27 January 1824 in Eisleben (Prussia) - died 25 September 1890 in Eberswald (Prussia)) studied Chemistry in Halle (Saale), then in Gießen under Justus von Liebig, then in Berlin and got his PHD in 1846 at the University of Halle. He then worked in Paris and habilitated in 1849 in Breslau (today Wroclaw/Poland). He obvioulsy enjoyed widening his horizone by moving around and worked in the following years also in England in a glass factory. He was from 1865 to 1890 a professor for Chemical Technology at the „Technische Hochschule am steiermärkisch-landschaftlichen Joanneum“, today Graz University of Technology. (OeBL)
[Schwarz-Senborn] Wilhelm Schwarz-Senborn was born as a child of a German father and a French mother on 12 June 1816 in Vienna. He studied technical chemistry and became secretary of the Gewerbeverein (Association of Industrialists) for Lower Austria. In 1848 he joined the newly created Austrian Ministry of Trade. 1850 he accepted the position as a Consule General in London. As he represented very successfully the Austrian industry at the Great London Exhibition of 1862, he was entrusted with the preparation and execution of the Vienna World Exhibition in 1873. (Wikisource) Although at the time he was heavily criticized for the expenses of the Vienna World Exhibition, which could not be recovered by the entrance fees, the long time merits, espacially for the international development of intellectual property as a side effect of the Vienna World Exhibition are invaluable.
[Ratkowsky] Matthias Georg Ratkowsky. Little is known about him on the Internet. An article in the "Biographisches Lexikon des Kaisertums Österreich" Vol. 25 from 1868 mentions his publications which comprise an essay about the reform of the inventor law (!) in „Oesterreichischer Oekonomist“; – „Zur Reform des Erfinderrechtes. Vermittelnde Vorschläge“
[Thacher] John Marshall Thacher (born 1 July 1836 Barre, Vermont) Biograph USPTO.
[Webster] Thomas Webster (born on 16 Oct. 1810 - died 3 June 1875) graduated B.A. 1832, proceeding M.A. in 1835. He soon acquired a large practice in connection with scientific cases, and for many years was recognised as a leading authority on patent law. His ‘Reports and Notes of Cases on Letters Patent for Inventions’ (1844) was long the chief textbook on the subject. It was largely due to his efforts that the Patent Law Amendment Act of 1852 was passed. He was in the chair at the meeting of the society of Arts in 1845 when the first proposal was made for holding the great International Exhibition of 1851, and formed one of the first committee appointed to organise that exhibition.WikiSource
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